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{{Navigate|Prev=What is the nature of ICT|Curr=Science Technology and Society|Next=What students need to know about ethics of technology}}

{{font color|purple|'''Notes for the students'''<br> This chapter is meant for you to read, with your friends and teachers, to develop an understanding of the way technology in society.  Your teacher will introduce some of these readings, as part of activities.  Do not worry if some of these terms are new - as you complete the ICT course, you will understand more; please keep this chapter as a ready reference and come back to read it.}}

{{font color|purple|'''Notes for the students'''<br> This chapter is meant for you to read, with your friends and teachers, to develop an understanding of the role of technology in society.  Your teacher will introduce some of these readings, as part of activities.  Do not worry if some of these terms are new - as you complete the ICT course, you will understand more; please keep this chapter as a ready reference and come back to read it.}}

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#electromechanical and  

#electromechanical and  

#electronic  

#electronic  

While  technology for information creation, storage and processing has been developing continuously, one important development which changed the course of technology is the development of digital technologies in the electronic area.  Whereas during the electromechanical area, information was stored largely stored in analog formats.  During the electronic age, information was stored in analog and digital formats.   

While  technology for information creation, storage and processing has been developing continuously, one important development which changed the course of technology is the development of digital technologies in the electronic area.  Whereas during the electromechanical area, information was stored largely stored in analog formats.  During the electronic age, information is stored in analog and digital formats.   

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===={{font color|purple|Think and write}}====

===={{font color|purple|Think and write}}====

Can you look at each of these pictures and think what might be the process by which analog computers work.  Write down what they measured, how they may have measured, an how they gave results.

Can you look at each of these pictures and think what might be the process by which analog computers work.  Write down what they measured, how they may have measured, and how they gave results.

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During the mechanical and electric analog phases of technology, information was created by a series of physical changes converted into electrical impulses for storing and  machine, and each analog information storage required a specialized equipment to decode and read the information. A cassette player or a gramaphone disc is an example of such a device.  Analog machines could be programmed for specific applications as well as for general computing.  Since information was being represented physically, results were not always accurate as they could not be replicated exactly.Such a device is called an [[wikipedia:Analog_computer|analog computer.]] 

During the mechanical and electric analog phases of ICT, information was created by a series of physical changes converted into electrical impulses for storing and  machine, and each analog information storage required a specialized equipment to decode and read the information. A cassette player or a gramaphone disc is an example of such a device.  Analog machines could be programmed for specific applications as well as for general computing.  Since information was being represented physically, results were not always accurate as they could not be replicated exactly.

 

File:Early_SSA_accounting_operations.jpg|Punched cards for accounting calculations, 1920s

File:Early_SSA_accounting_operations.jpg|Punched cards for accounting calculations, 1920s